EVALUATION ON THE POTENTIAL OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGAL ISOLATES FOR THE CONTROL OF MEXICAN BEAN BRUCHID (ZABROTES SUBFASCIATUS) (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE)
Keywords:
Entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium, Mexican bean bruchid, Mycosis, Pathogenicity, Zabrotes subfasciatus.
Abstract
The efficacy of five isolates of entomopathogenic fungi belonging to the genus Metarhizium was assessed against Mexican bean
bruchid, Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in a laboratory experiment. Four local isolates namely META-B, META-D,
PPRC-6, PPRC-29 and one standard isolate ICIPE-30 were evaluated. Pathogenicity of the isolates was conducted with three different conidia
concentrations including 10 6 , 10 7 and 10 8 conidia/ml. The adults of Mexican bean bruchid were treated by spraying one ml of fungal concentrations ranging from 1x10 6 to 1x10 8 . All the isolates tested were virulent at all concentrations ranging from 1x10 6 to 1x10 8 conidia/ml. However, pathogenicity (based on speed and magnitude of mortality) varied among isolates and concentration. Among the M. anisopliae isolates, ICIPE-30 and META-D were most pathogenic. A significant difference (p<0.05) in mortality was recorded between treatments of fungal concentrations and the control. None of the control treatment units gave more than 15% mortality. All tested isolates were able to infect and cause mycosis in adult Mexican bean bruchid, out of which isolate META-B showed the least virulence compared to others with less than 67.5% mortality with confirmed symptom of mycosis. The study suggests that entomopathogenic fungi may be used as a component of IPM in stored beans under Ethiopian conditions.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abbots, W.S. (1925). A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Econ. Entomol. 18:265-267.
Adane Kasa, Dave, M. and Archer, S.A. (1996). Preliminary studies on the use of Beauveria bassiana to control Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Cruculionidae) in the laboratory. J. Stored Prod. Res. 32:105-113.
Beeman, R.W. and Wright, V.F. (1990). Monitoring of resistance to chlorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-ethyl and malathion in Kansas populations of stored-product insects. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 63:385-392.
Bekele Jembere (2002). Evaluation of the toxicity potential of Milletia ferruginea (Hochst) Baker against Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Int. J. Pest Manage. 48(1): 29-32.
Boxall, R. (1998). Grains post-harvest loss assessment in Ethiopia. Final Report. Natural Resources Institute, Kent, UK, 44 pp.
Brower, J.H., Smith, L., Vail, P.V. and Flim, P.W. (1995). Biological control. In: Integrated Management of Insects in Stored Products, pp. 223-286
(Subramanyam, B. and Hagstrum, D.W., eds.). Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Burges, H.D. (1981). Safety testing and quality control of microbial pesticides. In:Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 1970-1980, pp. 737-767
(Burges, H.D., ed.). Academic Press, London.
Deny, J.E. and Credland, P.E. (1991). Development, fecundity and egg dispersion of Zabrotes subfasciatus. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 73(1):9-17.
Dhaliwal, G.S. and Koul, O. (2007). Biopesticides and Pest Management: Conventional and Biotechnological Approaches. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 455 pp.
Ekesi, S. (1999). Variability of Pathogenic Activity of Entomogenous Fungi (Hyphomycetes) towards the Legume Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti
(Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and their Potentials for Biological Control. PhD Thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, 211 pp.
El-Nahal, A.K.M., Barakat, A.A., Hoshem, M.Y., and Nohal, A.K.M. (1984). Effect of sublethal concentration time products on the biology and fecundity of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) fumigated with methyl bromide. B. Entomol. Soc. Egypt 14:133-139.
Emiru Seyoum, Moore, D. and Charnley, A.K. (1994). Reduction in flight activity and food consumption by the desert locust. J. Appl. Entomol. 188.
Fargues, J., Delmas, J.C. and Lebrun, R.A. (1994). Leaf consumption by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) infected with the entomopathogen, Beauveria bassiana. J. Econ. Entomol. 87:67-71.
Hall, R.A. (1976). A bioassay of pathogenicity of Verticillium lecanii conidiospores on the aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 27:41-48.
Hill, D.S. (1990). Pests of Stored Products and their Control. Belhaven press, London,274 pp.
Humber, R.A. and Soper, R.S. (1986). USDA-ARS collection of entomopathogenic fungal cultures: Catalog of strains. USDA-ARS Plant Protection Research Unit, Boyce Thompson Institute at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
Inglis, G.D., Goettel, M.S., Butt, T.M. and Strasser, H. (2001). Use of Hyphomaycetous fungi for managing insect pests. In: Fungi as Biocontrol Agents: Progress, Problems and Potential, pp. 23-69 (Butt, T.M., Jackson, C.W. and Magan, N., eds.). CABI Publishing, Wallingford.
Jiliani, G. and Saxena, C. (1988). Effect of Botanical Pest Control in Rice-based Cropping Systems. Philippines, 44 pp.
Lomer, C.J., Prior, C. and Kooyman, C. (1997). Development of Metarhizium spp. for the control of grasshoppers and locusts. Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 171: 265-286.
Mohamed, A.K.A., Brewer, F.W., Bell, J.V. and Hamalle, R.J. (1982). Effect of Nomuraea rileyi on consumption and utilization of food by Heliothis zea larvae. J. Ga. Entomol. Soc. 17:356-363.
Moore, D., Reed, M., Le Patourel, G., Abraham, Y.J. and Prior, C. (1992). Reduction in feeding by the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria, after infection with Metarhizium flavoviride. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 60:304-307.
Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1993). The potential of mycoinsecticides. Biocontrol News Info. 14:31-40. NRI (2003). Manual for Handling and Storage of Food Grains in Tropical and Subtropical Areas. Food Security Dept., NRI, UK, 228 pp.
Olkowski, W., Dear, S. and Olkowski, H. (1991). Common Sense Pest Control. The Taunton press, Newtown, CT.
Prior, C., Lomer, C.J., Herren, H., Paraiso, A., Kooyman, C. and Smith, J.J. (1992). The IIBC/IITA/DEPV collaborative research program on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers. In: Biological Control of Locusts and Grasshoppers, pp. 8-18 (Lomer, C.J. and Prior, C., eds.). CAB International, UK, 394 pp.
Seneshaw Aysheshim, Emiru Seyoum and Dawit Abate (2003). Evaluation of Ethiopian isolates of entomopathogenic fungi as potential biological control agents of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Pest Manage. J. Ethiop. 7:1-9.
Tesfaye Dawit and Emiru Seyoum (2010). Studies on the pathogenicity of native entomopathogenic fungal isolates on the cotton/melon aphid, Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) Glove under different temperature regimes. Biodiversity Newsletter vol. 1, no.1. www.ibc.gov.et/wp-content/plugins/download.
Tesfaye Haile, Thangavel Selvaraj, Leul Mengistu and Mulugeta Negery (2012). Evaluation of some native entomopathogenic fungi against pink stem borer (Sesamia calamistis Hampson) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in sugarcane. J. Agri.Technol. 8(2): 515-536.
Tsedeke Abate (1986). Evaluation of some insecticides for the control of bean bruchid,Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in stored haricot bean. Ethiop. J. Agri. Sci. 7(2):109-118.
Zimmermann, G. (1982). Insect pathogenic fungi as pest control agents. In: Biological Plant Health Protection, pp. 217-232 (Franz, J.M., ed.). Fortschr. Zool.
Adane Kasa, Dave, M. and Archer, S.A. (1996). Preliminary studies on the use of Beauveria bassiana to control Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Cruculionidae) in the laboratory. J. Stored Prod. Res. 32:105-113.
Beeman, R.W. and Wright, V.F. (1990). Monitoring of resistance to chlorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-ethyl and malathion in Kansas populations of stored-product insects. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 63:385-392.
Bekele Jembere (2002). Evaluation of the toxicity potential of Milletia ferruginea (Hochst) Baker against Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Int. J. Pest Manage. 48(1): 29-32.
Boxall, R. (1998). Grains post-harvest loss assessment in Ethiopia. Final Report. Natural Resources Institute, Kent, UK, 44 pp.
Brower, J.H., Smith, L., Vail, P.V. and Flim, P.W. (1995). Biological control. In: Integrated Management of Insects in Stored Products, pp. 223-286
(Subramanyam, B. and Hagstrum, D.W., eds.). Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Burges, H.D. (1981). Safety testing and quality control of microbial pesticides. In:Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 1970-1980, pp. 737-767
(Burges, H.D., ed.). Academic Press, London.
Deny, J.E. and Credland, P.E. (1991). Development, fecundity and egg dispersion of Zabrotes subfasciatus. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 73(1):9-17.
Dhaliwal, G.S. and Koul, O. (2007). Biopesticides and Pest Management: Conventional and Biotechnological Approaches. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 455 pp.
Ekesi, S. (1999). Variability of Pathogenic Activity of Entomogenous Fungi (Hyphomycetes) towards the Legume Flower Thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti
(Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and their Potentials for Biological Control. PhD Thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, 211 pp.
El-Nahal, A.K.M., Barakat, A.A., Hoshem, M.Y., and Nohal, A.K.M. (1984). Effect of sublethal concentration time products on the biology and fecundity of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) fumigated with methyl bromide. B. Entomol. Soc. Egypt 14:133-139.
Emiru Seyoum, Moore, D. and Charnley, A.K. (1994). Reduction in flight activity and food consumption by the desert locust. J. Appl. Entomol. 188.
Fargues, J., Delmas, J.C. and Lebrun, R.A. (1994). Leaf consumption by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) infected with the entomopathogen, Beauveria bassiana. J. Econ. Entomol. 87:67-71.
Hall, R.A. (1976). A bioassay of pathogenicity of Verticillium lecanii conidiospores on the aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 27:41-48.
Hill, D.S. (1990). Pests of Stored Products and their Control. Belhaven press, London,274 pp.
Humber, R.A. and Soper, R.S. (1986). USDA-ARS collection of entomopathogenic fungal cultures: Catalog of strains. USDA-ARS Plant Protection Research Unit, Boyce Thompson Institute at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
Inglis, G.D., Goettel, M.S., Butt, T.M. and Strasser, H. (2001). Use of Hyphomaycetous fungi for managing insect pests. In: Fungi as Biocontrol Agents: Progress, Problems and Potential, pp. 23-69 (Butt, T.M., Jackson, C.W. and Magan, N., eds.). CABI Publishing, Wallingford.
Jiliani, G. and Saxena, C. (1988). Effect of Botanical Pest Control in Rice-based Cropping Systems. Philippines, 44 pp.
Lomer, C.J., Prior, C. and Kooyman, C. (1997). Development of Metarhizium spp. for the control of grasshoppers and locusts. Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 171: 265-286.
Mohamed, A.K.A., Brewer, F.W., Bell, J.V. and Hamalle, R.J. (1982). Effect of Nomuraea rileyi on consumption and utilization of food by Heliothis zea larvae. J. Ga. Entomol. Soc. 17:356-363.
Moore, D., Reed, M., Le Patourel, G., Abraham, Y.J. and Prior, C. (1992). Reduction in feeding by the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria, after infection with Metarhizium flavoviride. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 60:304-307.
Moore, D. and Prior, C. (1993). The potential of mycoinsecticides. Biocontrol News Info. 14:31-40. NRI (2003). Manual for Handling and Storage of Food Grains in Tropical and Subtropical Areas. Food Security Dept., NRI, UK, 228 pp.
Olkowski, W., Dear, S. and Olkowski, H. (1991). Common Sense Pest Control. The Taunton press, Newtown, CT.
Prior, C., Lomer, C.J., Herren, H., Paraiso, A., Kooyman, C. and Smith, J.J. (1992). The IIBC/IITA/DEPV collaborative research program on the biological control of locusts and grasshoppers. In: Biological Control of Locusts and Grasshoppers, pp. 8-18 (Lomer, C.J. and Prior, C., eds.). CAB International, UK, 394 pp.
Seneshaw Aysheshim, Emiru Seyoum and Dawit Abate (2003). Evaluation of Ethiopian isolates of entomopathogenic fungi as potential biological control agents of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Pest Manage. J. Ethiop. 7:1-9.
Tesfaye Dawit and Emiru Seyoum (2010). Studies on the pathogenicity of native entomopathogenic fungal isolates on the cotton/melon aphid, Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) Glove under different temperature regimes. Biodiversity Newsletter vol. 1, no.1. www.ibc.gov.et/wp-content/plugins/download.
Tesfaye Haile, Thangavel Selvaraj, Leul Mengistu and Mulugeta Negery (2012). Evaluation of some native entomopathogenic fungi against pink stem borer (Sesamia calamistis Hampson) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in sugarcane. J. Agri.Technol. 8(2): 515-536.
Tsedeke Abate (1986). Evaluation of some insecticides for the control of bean bruchid,Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in stored haricot bean. Ethiop. J. Agri. Sci. 7(2):109-118.
Zimmermann, G. (1982). Insect pathogenic fungi as pest control agents. In: Biological Plant Health Protection, pp. 217-232 (Franz, J.M., ed.). Fortschr. Zool.
Published
2013-09-23
Section
Articles