Factors Affecting Asking Questions in College Classrooms: The Ethiopian Context
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the factors that affect asking que tions in an EFL setting in a tertiary level 'cience classroom in Ethiopia. To accomplish this task, 25 females and 19 males were provided with a list of factors that were reported by other group of students as inhibitive and were required to designate the extent to which each factor exert influence on them. From the sample students' ratings six factors were identified as restrictive by more than 56% of the respondents.
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References
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(e.d.): Lai'iguage Teaching and learning Styles Within and Across Cultures, Hong Kong, Institute of Language in Education Department, PP. 266-279.
________ (1991). The characterization of teaching and learning environments: problems and prospects. In de Bot ~, Ginsberg R B., and
Kramsch C. (Eds.), Foreign Language Research in Cross-Cultural Perspective. pp. 161-174. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Allwright, D., and K.M. Bailey. (1991). Focus on Language classroom: An introduction to classroom research for Language Teachers. Cambridge.CUP.
Borich, G. D. (1992). Effective teaching methods, 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Callahan, J. F. &.Clark, L. H. (1988). Teaching in the middle and secondary schools,3rd ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Duff, P. (1986). Another look at Interlanguage ta/~; taking task to task. In R.R. Day (Ed.), Talking to learn: Conversation in Second Language Acquisition. pp.
'47-181 . Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
Erickson, F. and l~ohatt, G. (1982). Cultural Organization of Participation Structures inTwo Classrooms of Indian Students. In Spindler, G. (ed.), Doing the
Ethnography of Schooling: Ed~cational Anthropology in action. pp.132-175. New York: Holt, Rinhart and Winston.
Farrant, J. C. (1988). Principles and Practice of Education . London: Longman.
Frase, L.T. (1971). Effects of incentive variables and type of adjunct questions. Journal of Educational Psychology. 62, 371-375.
Gall, M.D. (1970). The use of questions in teaching. Review of Educational Research.40(5),707-721.
Freire, Paulo (1972). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Penguin.
Heath. S. (1982). Questioning at Home and at School: A Comparative Study. In G. Spindler (Ed.), Doing the Ethnography of Schooling. New York: Holt,
Rinehart and Winston.
Horwitz. E.,M. liorwitz, and J. Cope. (1986). Foreign Language Classroom anxiety. Modern Language Journal. 70. 1,93-107. .
Hunkins, F.P. (1989). Teaching Thinking through effective questioning. Norwood,MA; Christopher-Gordon ~blishers, Inc.
Hymes, Dell! (1967). On communicative Competence. In Renira Huxley and Elizabeth Ingram (eds.), Mechanisms of Language Development. London: Centre for
Advanced Study in Developmental Science and IBA Foundation.
Newcomb, L. H., McCracken, J. D., & Warmbrod, J. R. (1986). Methods of teaching agriculture. Danville, IL: The Interstate Printers & Publishers, Inc.
Perrott, Elizabeth. (1986). Effective Teaching: A practical Guide to Improve Your Teaching. London: Longman Ltd.
Pica, T., Holliday, L., Lewis, N., Serducci, D., and Newman, J. (1991). Language Learning through Interaction; What role does gender play? SSLA 13, (3 ):
343-370.
Sato, C.J. (1981). Ethnic Styles in Classroom Discourse. In Hines, M. and Rutherford,W. (eds.), On TESOL' 81 , Washington, D.C.
Stoddart, E. (1986). The use and Study of English in Ethiopian Schools. Ministry of Education. Addis Ab.aba, Ethiopia.
Skilton, E. and Meyer, T. (1993). So what are you talking about? The Importance of Student questions in the ESL classroom. Working Papers in Educational
Linguistics. University of Pennsylvania. 9 (2): 81-99.
Tsui, A.S.M. (1985). Analysing input and interaction in second language classrooms.RELC Journal. 16, 1,8-32.
Wilen, W.W. (ed.) (1992). Questions, questioning technique, and effeCtive teaching.Washington, DC: National Education Association
Wong, E. D. (1991) Beyond the Question!Nonquestion Alternative in Classroom Discourse. Journal of Educational Psyc~ology . 83 (1), 159-162.
Wu, Kam-yin. (1991) Classroom Interaction and Teacher Questions Revisited. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Curriculum Studies, University of
Hong Kong.
Published
1998-06-01
Section
Articles