Criterion and Norm-Referenced Testing: Approaches to Educational Measurement
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References
Capper, J. 1994. Testing to Learning ... Learning to Test: A Policy maker's Guide to Better Educational Testing.
Ebel, R.L. 1979.E sse n t i a 1 s 0 f Educational Measurement ( 3 ed.) .Glaser, R; and Nitko, A.J.1971. 'Measurement in
lea r n i n g and instruction' . In: R. L.Thorndike (Ed. ) ,EdMcational Measurement (2 ed.). Washington,DC: American Council on
Education.Gronlund, N.E. 1985.Measurement and EVflIluation in Testing (5 ed.). New York:MacMillan Publishing Company.
Harney, W. 1984.reasoning and about tests,'Educational 55, 597-654.'Testing reasoning Review of Research,
Hartel, E. 1985. 'Construct validity and criterion -referenced testing,'Review of Educational Research, 55,~23-46).
Ministry of Education,1980. Geography: Grade ~. Addis Ababa:Educational Materials production and distribution Agency.
Nitko, A.J. 1980 'Distinguishing the many varieties of criterion referenced test'. review of Educational Research 50, (461-486).
Payne, D. 1992. Measuring and Evaluating Educational Outcomes.New York: MacMillan.
Popham, W.J, (1981). Modern Educational Measurement. Englewood Cliffs: prentice Hall.
Wiersma, W; &1990.Measurement (2 ed. ) .Jurs, S. G.Educational and Testing Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Ebel, R.L. 1979.E sse n t i a 1 s 0 f Educational Measurement ( 3 ed.) .Glaser, R; and Nitko, A.J.1971. 'Measurement in
lea r n i n g and instruction' . In: R. L.Thorndike (Ed. ) ,EdMcational Measurement (2 ed.). Washington,DC: American Council on
Education.Gronlund, N.E. 1985.Measurement and EVflIluation in Testing (5 ed.). New York:MacMillan Publishing Company.
Harney, W. 1984.reasoning and about tests,'Educational 55, 597-654.'Testing reasoning Review of Research,
Hartel, E. 1985. 'Construct validity and criterion -referenced testing,'Review of Educational Research, 55,~23-46).
Ministry of Education,1980. Geography: Grade ~. Addis Ababa:Educational Materials production and distribution Agency.
Nitko, A.J. 1980 'Distinguishing the many varieties of criterion referenced test'. review of Educational Research 50, (461-486).
Payne, D. 1992. Measuring and Evaluating Educational Outcomes.New York: MacMillan.
Popham, W.J, (1981). Modern Educational Measurement. Englewood Cliffs: prentice Hall.
Wiersma, W; &1990.Measurement (2 ed. ) .Jurs, S. G.Educational and Testing Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
