LITERACY: A SEARCH FOR CORRELAIES
Abstract
A Telliew of literature of development processes in Developing Nations shows that
litertacy has often been associated with indicators of the process of modernization.
This study attempts to examine the correlartes of literacy in the Ethiopian context.
A surlley study of 200 household heads in the subdistrict of rural Bahir Dar
was made to investigate the hypothesized relationship. The results suggest mixed
relationships. Literacy is not necessarily, a correlate of the lIariables; technification,
innollativeness, cosmopolitannes and dislocation. Economic status was found a
negative correlate of literacy. Exposure to the mass media, educational aspiration,
and conscientization were, however, identified as significant positive correlates.
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References
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2. Bhola, Harri Smith. Campaigns for Literacy: A Critical Anaysls of Some Selected Literacy Ca-
DlpaJgDS of the 20th Century with a Memorandum to Decision Makers. Paris: UNESCO, 1981.
3. Bordenave, Juan Diaz, Communication and Rural Development. Paris: UNESCO, 1977.•.
4."Training in Communication for Rural Development", in 1'rahUIIt
for Agriculture. Rome: FAO, 1973.
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6. Burnet, Mary, Abc of Literacy. Paris: UNESCO, 1965.
7. Chaudhri, D.P., Education, innovation and Agrlcu1tural Development. New Delhi: Vikas, 1979, pp. 1-9.
8. Cornelius, Wayne A., Jr., The Political Sociology of Cltyward MigratlOIl In Latin America. To-
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9. CSO, Transport and Communication Statistics, Addis Ababa CSO, 1983.
10. Friere, Paulo, Edocatlon for Critical Consciousness. New York: Thc Seabury Press, 1973.
11. Faur .. , Herrara, ct. aI, Learning to Be. Paris: UNESCO, 1972.
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13. Katz, Elihu, "Cultural Continuity and Change", in Majid Tch.ranian et. aI. cds., Comalllll'e-
adons PolicY for National Development.
London: Rouedge and Kegan Paul, 1977, pp.l23-127
1<4. Lerner, Daniel, The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the MIddle East New York:
Free Press, 1958.
15."Toward Communication Therory of Moderni1ation", in Lucian W. Pye,
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16. P,Lrshale, Alfred, Principles of Economics. New York: Macmillan, 1950.
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ntam Books, 1976.
- - -- - - - - - - - T h e Medium Is tbe Message. New York: Bantam Book~, 1965.
19. McGee ,T.O., "Rural-Urban Mobility In South and Southeast Asia." Different Formulations
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and wm Remain Literate. Addis Ababa: Berhanena Selam Printing Press,
21 . Pa~sons, Talcott, Strudures and Processes in Modem Societies. Chicago: Free Press, 1960.
22. Portes, Alegandro, "On the Sociology of National Development: Theories and Issues," AIDed-
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24. Rogers, Everett M. and Lynne Svenning. Modernl1.ation Among Peasants. New York: Holt
• Rinehart and Winston Tnc., 1969.
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17. Silvert, \caIman, cd., Discussion at Bellan~lo: The Polltlc:al Alternatives of Development. New
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gn In Ethiopia. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of Afrtican Studies. 1983.
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30. UNESCO, Adult Education: Information. UNESCO, 1983. pp.4-,.
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2. Bhola, Harri Smith. Campaigns for Literacy: A Critical Anaysls of Some Selected Literacy Ca-
DlpaJgDS of the 20th Century with a Memorandum to Decision Makers. Paris: UNESCO, 1981.
3. Bordenave, Juan Diaz, Communication and Rural Development. Paris: UNESCO, 1977.•.
4."Training in Communication for Rural Development", in 1'rahUIIt
for Agriculture. Rome: FAO, 1973.
5.Communication and Rural Development. Paris: UNESCO, 1977.
6. Burnet, Mary, Abc of Literacy. Paris: UNESCO, 1965.
7. Chaudhri, D.P., Education, innovation and Agrlcu1tural Development. New Delhi: Vikas, 1979, pp. 1-9.
8. Cornelius, Wayne A., Jr., The Political Sociology of Cltyward MigratlOIl In Latin America. To-
ward Emperlcal Theory. pp. 213-22.
9. CSO, Transport and Communication Statistics, Addis Ababa CSO, 1983.
10. Friere, Paulo, Edocatlon for Critical Consciousness. New York: Thc Seabury Press, 1973.
11. Faur .. , Herrara, ct. aI, Learning to Be. Paris: UNESCO, 1972.
12. Jcffries, Charlcs Joseph, llUteracy A World Problem. London: Pall Mall Press, 1967.
13. Katz, Elihu, "Cultural Continuity and Change", in Majid Tch.ranian et. aI. cds., Comalllll'e-
adons PolicY for National Development.
London: Rouedge and Kegan Paul, 1977, pp.l23-127
1<4. Lerner, Daniel, The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the MIddle East New York:
Free Press, 1958.
15."Toward Communication Therory of Moderni1ation", in Lucian W. Pye,
cd., Communication and PoUtfcal Development. Princetion: Princeton University Pre-
ss. 1963, P: 348.
16. P,Lrshale, Alfred, Principles of Economics. New York: Macmillan, 1950.
I. M Luban, Marshall, The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making or Typograpblc man. New York: Ba-
ntam Books, 1976.
- - -- - - - - - - - T h e Medium Is tbe Message. New York: Bantam Book~, 1965.
19. McGee ,T.O., "Rural-Urban Mobility In South and Southeast Asia." Different Formulations
Different Answers 7, in Janet Abu-Lughod and Richard Hay, Jr. cds., Thir4 World
Urbanization.
20. The National literacy Campaign Coordinating Committee, Every Ethlopiaa Will be Literate
and wm Remain Literate. Addis Ababa: Berhanena Selam Printing Press,
21 . Pa~sons, Talcott, Strudures and Processes in Modem Societies. Chicago: Free Press, 1960.
22. Portes, Alegandro, "On the Sociology of National Development: Theories and Issues," AIDed-
can JOUl'llaI or Sociology. 82: 55-85 (July 1976).
23. Roberts, Bryan R. and Richard Hay Jr. cds., "Center and Periphery in the Development
Process: The case of Peru," in Janet-Abu- Lugbod, ThIrd World UrbaD1zation. pp.
176-193.
24. Rogers, Everett M. and Lynne Svenning. Modernl1.ation Among Peasants. New York: Holt
• Rinehart and Winston Tnc., 1969.
!~. Rogcrs, Everett M. and William Herzog, "Functional Literacy Among Colombian Peasants,'
Economic Development and Cultural Change. 14:190-203 (January 1966).
26. Schumacher, Erust Friedrich, Small Is Beautiful. London: ABACUS, 1974.
17. Silvert, \caIman, cd., Discussion at Bellan~lo: The Polltlc:al Alternatives of Development. New
York: AUFS, 1964. pp. 50-109.
211. Sjostrom, Rolf and Margareta, How do you Spell Development 1 A Study of LiteracY Cam,.l-
gn In Ethiopia. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of Afrtican Studies. 1983.
29. UNESCO, "Education in Africa," Bulletin of the UNESCO Rcgional Office for Educatioin in
Africa, 29:70-93. 1983.
30. UNESCO, Adult Education: Information. UNESCO, 1983. pp.4-,.
31. Verne. ED. Literacy and Industrialization. Perscpplis: National Printers, 1975.
32. Waktola, Aregay, Assessment of Development: Diffusion and Adoption of Package of Agricultural
Innovations in ChiJalo·Ethiopia Ph. D. Dessertation, Ohio State University, 1975.
l. Weiner, Myron, Introduction in Myron Weiner, ed., Modernization: The Dynamic:s of Growth.
New York: Basic, 1966. pp. 1-14.
Published
1989-05-26
Section
Articles